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climate science

Explore 5 published pages in the climate science topic hub, grouped to strengthen topical relevance, internal discovery, and crawlable archive navigation.

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Pictures of Global Warming and Climate Change: What the Images Show and Why They Matter

Photographs and data visualizations can communicate long-term climate trends more clearly than numbers alone, but images must be interpreted against evidence and context. This g...

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What Is the Hottest Recorded Temperature on Earth?

The highest reliably measured air temperature on Earth is 56.7°C (134°F), recorded at Furnace Creek Ranch (Greenland Ranch) in Death Valley, California, on 10 July 1913. Satel...

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Africa Rains: How Rainfall Patterns Shape Weather, Agriculture, and Water Security

Africa rains shape weather, climate risks, and livelihoods across a continent of extraordinary geographic and climatic diversity. Rainfall in Africa is organized into several ma...

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What Is the Hottest Temperature Recorded in Antarctica?

The highest verified air temperature ever recorded in Antarctica is 18.3°C (64.9°F), measured on 6 February 2020 at the Esperanza research station on the northern tip of the A...

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What is a polar vortex and how does it affect Lake Michigan?

A polar vortex is a large area of low pressure and cold air surrounding Earth’s poles, and during winter it can weaken, split, or shift southward to drive extreme cold outbrea...

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